HSA vs FSA in North Dakota

For 2025, HSA contribution limits are $4,300 for self-only coverage and $8,550 for family coverage (plus $1,000 catch-up if 55 or older). FSA limits are $3,300 per year. HSA limits are significantly higher, especially for families.

Both HSA and FSA contributions reduce your federal taxable income and, in most states, your state taxable income as well. In North Dakota, both accounts typically provide state tax savings. The exception is California and New Jersey, which do not offer a state tax deduction for HSA contributions.

Generally, you cannot have both a traditional FSA and an HSA in the same year. However, you can pair an HSA with a limited-purpose FSA (which covers only dental and vision expenses). You need a high-deductible health plan (HDHP) to qualify for an HSA.

Your HSA is yours permanently — it goes with you when you change jobs, and the funds never expire. An FSA is typically tied to your employer. You generally must use FSA funds before your coverage ends, though COBRA continuation may be an option. This portability is one of the biggest HSA advantages.